Mix turmeric, cumin, coriander, chilies, cinnamon, fenugreek, and fennel seeds in a bowl. This blend creates the signature flavor base of the dish. Keep it ready before starting to save time.
Toss cauliflower florets with olive oil, salt, pepper, and half of the spice mix. Spread them on a tray and roast until golden and slightly crispy. Roasting enhances flavor and adds a nutty texture.
Heat oil in a large pan and cook shallots until soft. Add ginger and garlic, stirring until fragrant. This step builds a rich and aromatic base for the sauce.
Add the remaining spice blend and stir briefly. Then add lentils and mix well so they absorb all the flavors. This helps infuse the lentils with spices early on.
Pour in crushed tomatoes, coconut milk, and vegetable stock. Stir everything together and bring to a gentle simmer. The sauce will slowly thicken as the lentils cook.
Let the mixture cook until lentils are soft and creamy. Stir occasionally and adjust consistency with extra stock if needed. The flavors will deepen as it cooks.
Add roasted cauliflower into the sauce and mix gently. Finish with lime juice and garnish with cilantro and nigella seeds. Serve warm for the best taste.