Heat the oil and sugar together over medium-high heat. Allow the sugar to darken until it turns deep brown and slightly smoky. This technique gives the pelau its signature depth and savory richness.
Reduce the heat and carefully add the onion, bell pepper, and carrots. Stir well and cook until softened and lightly caramelized. This step builds sweetness and balances the smoky base.
Increase the heat slightly and stir in the minced garlic, tomato paste, salt, and turmeric. Let everything cook for about a minute so the spices bloom and release their aroma. The mixture should smell rich and fragrant.
Pour in the coconut milk and water. Stir well to combine all the flavors and bring the mixture to a gentle boil. This creamy base will cook the rice perfectly.
Stir in the long-grain rice and drained red beans. Cover the pot, reduce the heat to low, and let it simmer for about 25 minutes. The rice should absorb the liquid and become tender.
Remove the pot from heat and gently fold in the baby spinach. Cover again and let it sit for about 10 minutes so the spinach wilts naturally from the residual heat. Fluff before serving.